In the novel "The Catcher in the Rye," Holden is the archetypal teenager, disillusioned at life. But some argue that he is more than simply embittered; some say that he is depressed. Here are some common symptoms for depression (taken from webmd.com):
Holden certainly does exhibit some of these symptoms. He does feel worthless, pessimistic, and does not find pleasure in many activities (including going to the cinema and, yes, sex). Though he does not have suicidal urges, his mind often drifts and he sometimes forgets details. He is also restless and doesn't seem able to just relax.
Though Holden does have some symptoms of depression, many argue that though he is disillusioned with the adult world and struggling against adulthood and conformity, he is not depressed. Depression consists of a general hatred and feeling of hopelessness towards life, but Holden still finds pleasure in some things. For example, he loves his sister Phoebe, and finds happiness when he is with her. In short, Holden is fine with anything not pertaining to the adult world.
Those who argue that Holden is in fact clinically depressed look at the disease's symptoms, many of which Holden displays. They would argue that teenage disillusionment alone is not - or rather could not - be the cause for such distress in a person. Also, some would say that youthful cynicism is not as persistent as what Holden has, that he is more that simply cynical and embittered but clinically depressed.
- Difficulty concentrating, remembering details, and making decisions.
- Fatigue and decreased energy.
- Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, and/or helplessness.
- Feelings of hopelessness and/or pessimism.
- Insomnia, early-morning wakefulness, or excessive sleeping.
- Irritability, restlessness.
- Loss of interest in activities or hobbies once pleasurable, including sex.
- Overeating or appetite loss.
- Persistent aches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems that do not ease even with treatment.
- Persistent sad, anxious, or "empty" feelings.
- Thoughts of suicide, suicide attempts.
Holden certainly does exhibit some of these symptoms. He does feel worthless, pessimistic, and does not find pleasure in many activities (including going to the cinema and, yes, sex). Though he does not have suicidal urges, his mind often drifts and he sometimes forgets details. He is also restless and doesn't seem able to just relax.
Though Holden does have some symptoms of depression, many argue that though he is disillusioned with the adult world and struggling against adulthood and conformity, he is not depressed. Depression consists of a general hatred and feeling of hopelessness towards life, but Holden still finds pleasure in some things. For example, he loves his sister Phoebe, and finds happiness when he is with her. In short, Holden is fine with anything not pertaining to the adult world.
Those who argue that Holden is in fact clinically depressed look at the disease's symptoms, many of which Holden displays. They would argue that teenage disillusionment alone is not - or rather could not - be the cause for such distress in a person. Also, some would say that youthful cynicism is not as persistent as what Holden has, that he is more that simply cynical and embittered but clinically depressed.